Elastic-fluid turbine.



W95/ww@ No. 802,609. PATENTED 00T. 24, 1905. H. TABOR.

ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATIQN FILED DBo.3o,1sos.

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

EETTEE STATES EATEN T OEETEE.

HARRIS LABOR, OF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIG'NOR OF ONE-HALF TO FREDERICK W. PARSONS, OF TARRYTOW N, NEW YORK.

IELASTIC-FLUIID TURBlNIE..

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Oct. 24, 1905.

Application filed December 30,1903. Serial No. 187,239.

T @ZZ whom) it mfr/y concern.-

Be it known that I, HARRIS ',lABon, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Elastic-Fluid Turbines,of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to elastic-flu id turbines, one object of the invention being to combine the reaction and the impact principles in one and the same engine.

Another object is to subdivide or reduce the power developed without reducing the initial working pressure in the engine.

Another object is to balance the rotating element against endwise pressure.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

To the ends thereof the invention consists of features of construction, arrangements, and combinations of d evices hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, fornr ing part hereof, in which- Figure 1 is avertical longitudinal sectional view. Figs. 2, 3, A, and 5 are transverse sectional views, respectively, on the planes indicated by the lines 2 2, 3 3, 4 11, and 5 5 in Fig. 1; and Fig. 6 is a detail.

1n the drawings the reference 10 designates a shaft, which is mounted in suitable bearings in the ends or heads of a casing 11 12 13 and which may be used for driving machinery, vessels, &c. The parts 12 13 are divided longitudinally and are securely fastened together and to the heads 11. The casing is arranged with exhaust-spaces 14 at the ends thereof and with one or more circular rows of fixed vanes at each side of the central section 13. 1n theinstance illustrated in the drawings there are two such sets of vanes 15 16 at each side of said section 13; but this number may be varied without departing' from this invention. The central section 13 of the casing is provided with independent passages for the elastic iiuid. For purposes of illustration I have elected to show three such passages 17 18 19; but this number may be varied without departing from this invention.

The reference 2O marks the rotating element 01 carrier, which in the instance illustratcd in the drawings is provided with two circular rows of expansion-nozzles 21 22 at each side of the neck thereof which lies within the section 13 of the casing, which nozzles discharge against fixed vanes 15 16, and with rows of vanes 23 2A, onto which the lixcd vanes 15 16 direct or discharge elastic fluid. The elastic fluid is received from the passages 17 18 19 into independent channels or passages 25 26 27 in the neck of the carrier, said channels being covered by a tubular shield 3l, which is fast-to the neck and is provided with openings so located that the passage 17 communicates only with the channels or passages 25, the passage 18 with the channels or passages 27, and the passage 19 withthe channels or passages 26. The channels 25 26 27 extend beyond the neck of the carrier and. there are carried out radially, as indicated more clearly in Fig. 3, and discharge the elastic fluid through the nozzles 21. lt is remarked that the nozzles 2122 are so arranged that the endwise effect of those at one side of the neck may balance the like effect of those at the other side of the neck where they are used at both sides thereof, which is the preferred arrangement. At the discharge side of the vanes 23 the carrier 2O is provided with chambers 28, which communicate through openings 29 with chambers 30, and the last discharge through expansion-nozzles 22 onto the vanes 16, and the last onto the moving vanes 24, and these last, in theinstance shown, discharge into the exhausts 14. The chambers 28 29 30 provide for expansion of the fluid, and it is remarked that more than two eX- pansions may be provided for by merely in` creasing the number of rows of nozzles and vanes and chambers. The passages 14 may connect with the atmosphere or with a suitable condensing apparatus, as may be desired.

Elastic fluid may be supplied to the passages 17 18 19, and the supply may be governed automatically or otherwise in any suitable or known manner. The manner of supply and control illustrated in the drawings comprises a chest 32, mounted on top of the section 13 and provided with tubular valveguides 33, in which work thc tubular openended or balanced valves 34, said guide-tubes being provided with ports for the admission of the elasticfluid and having their ends held in an air-tight manner in the walls of the chest 32. The Valves 34C may be operated automatically by a suitable governor (not shown) or by hand, or both.

In the instance shown in the drawings to prevent leakage the heads ll are provided with hubs 36, and the part 2O is sleeved upon said hubs at 37 and is provided with one or more channels 38, extending' from hub 36 to hub 36 in order to equalize pressures in the exhausts in case the angular paths provided by the hubs 36 and the sleeves 37 should allow any leakage at the bearings.

By moving one or more of the valves 31k so as to keep the corresponding ports 35 closed Huid is shut off from the corresponding passage or passages 25, 26, or 27; but the initial pressure in the unclosed passages is not affected and part only of the nozzles 2l are used, so that the, engine runs with reduced power.

It is not essential in all cases that the nozzles 21 22 be expansion-nozzles. They may be simple reaction-nozzles without departing from this invention.

That is claimed is- 1. In an elastic-Huid turbine, a rotato ry carrier provided at each side with circular rows of reaction elements of unequal radii and rows of vanes opposite said elements, said elements being so disposed as to resist part the reaction of the rest, and a casing having rows of fixed vanes between said rows of reaction elements andsaid rows of vanes on said carrier.

2. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a rotatingcarrier provided at each side with circular rows of reaction elements of unequal radii and so disposed that the reaction of the elements at one side resists the reaction of the elements at the other side, and provided with means for independently supplying actuating fluid to different sections of said rows at each side.

3. In an elastic-Huid turbine, a rotatory carrier having its central portion of reduced diameter and provided beyond the ends of said reduced diameter with reaction elements and with other reaction elements on greater radii beyond the first-named reaction elements, and means for supplying propelling fluid to different sections of said elements.

4L. In an elastic-luid turbine, a rotating carrier provided with means for supplying' fluid independently to different parts or sections of a circular row of nozzles all of which point or discharge in the same direction.

5. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a rotating carrier provided with circular rows of reaction elements disposed so as to counteract each the endwise thrust of the other, and provided with means for supplying independently-actuating fluid to different sections or parts of both rows, whereby balance may be attained and the power developed be varied.

6. In an elastic-duid turbine, the combination of a casing provided with a plurality of independent passages for the fluid, with a rotating neck or shaft provided with endwise or longitudinal channels or passages receiving fluid some from one of said casing-passages and some from other oi' said casing-passages.

7. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a rotating carrier provided with a neck having independent longitudinal channels or passages therein, of a casing provided with independent passages certain of which supply iiuid tocertain of said longitudinal channels or passages and certain other lof which supply iiuid to certain other oi' said longitudinal passages.

8. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a rotating carrier provided with a neck having independent longitudinal channels therein and with a circular row of reaction-nozzles connected some with one and some with other ot' said longitudinal channels, of a casing provided with a plurality of independent passages certain of which supply Huid to certain of said longitudinal channels and certain other of which supply 'tluid to certain other of said longitudinal channels.

9. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a rotating carrier provided with a neck having longitudinal channels therein and with a row of reaction-nozzles at each side of said neck and connected some with one and some with other of said longitudinal channels, of a casing provided with independent passages certain of which supply fluid to certain of said longitudinal channels and certain other of which supply uid to certain other of said longitudinal channels.

I0. In an elastic-iuid turbine, the combination of a casing having internal hubs at its ends, with a rotating carrier having sleeves fitting on and abutting against the ends of said hubs, and a shaft on which said carrier is fast and having bearings in said hubs.

1l. In an elastic-iiuid tu rbine,a rotatory carrier provided at each side with circular rows of reaction elements of unequal radii and with rows of vanes opposite said elements, said elements being so disposed as to resist each the reaction of the other, a casing having rows of fixed vanes between said rows of reaction elements and carrier-vanes, and means for supplying actuating fluid independently to different sections of said reaction elements Ynearest the point of supply.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 7th y Witnesses:

FRANK RYALL, RICHARD W. BARKLEY.

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